Judge Kacsmaryk, an appointee of Mr. Trump, is a longtime opponent of abortion and joined the bench after working at First Liberty Institute, a conservative authorized group that focuses on points of spiritual liberty.
The coalition that introduced the go well with, the Alliance for Hippocratic Medicine, argued that the F.D.A. had improperly authorized the tablet in 2000 and that mifepristone is unsafe. The company has strongly disputed these claims, pointing to research that present that critical issues are uncommon and that lower than 1 p.c of sufferers want hospitalization.
This month, Judge Kacsmaryk, in a brief ruling, declared invalid the F.D.A.’s approval of the drug and gave each events every week to hunt emergency reduction earlier than the choice took impact.
Less than an hour later, a federal choose in Washington State, Thomas O. Rice, an appointee of President Barack Obama, issued a contradictory ruling in a separate lawsuit over mifepristone. Judge Rice blocked the F.D.A. from limiting the supply of the tablet in 17 states and the District of Columbia, which have been events in that go well with.
The competing rulings meant that the matter was nearly actually headed to the Supreme Court.
The F.D.A. instantly appealed Judge Kacsmaryk’s determination, and a divided three-judge panel of the Fifth Circuit, in New Orleans, upheld the company’s approval of the drug, making certain that mifepristone would stay in the marketplace.
But the panel imposed a number of obstacles to entry, siding partially with Judge Kacsmaryk, whereas the lawsuit moved via the courts. It blocked a sequence of steps the F.D.A. had taken since 2016 to extend the supply and distribution of the drug, reminiscent of permitting it to be despatched by mail and to be prescribed by medical suppliers who should not docs.
Adam Liptak and Christina Jewett contributed reporting.